射电天文研究组知识库

位于云南天文台凤凰山本部的10 m太阳射电望远镜是中国太阳射电物理界重要的观测设备之一,其设计之初,800~975 MHz频段受到移动电话的严重干扰,不能正常工作,因此缺失这一频段的观测资料。近年来,随着微波和数字器件性能的提升以及移动电话工作频段的改变,使得这一重要频段的观测变得可行。针对800~975 MHz频段的太阳射电天文信号,提出了一种基于现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)和千兆以太网的实时采集与处理方法。在数据采集和处理过程中,系统采用流水线方式,得到了太阳射电信号的实时频谱图;采用硬件描述语言Verilog实现了千兆以太网的数据传输,提高了传输效率;另外本系统采用分时传输机制,完成千兆以太网的UDP数据包的传输。最后还对所得数据进行了误差分析和结果分析,证明了本文提出的实时信号采集、分析和传输方法的正确性和可靠性。

The 10m solar radio telescope of the Yunnan Observatories (at the Phoenix Mountain) is an important observational equipment of solar radio physics in China. With its original design,the radio telescope did not work properly in the 800MHz-975MHz band because of the interference of mobile phones. In recent years,with the enhancement of the technological specifications of microwave devices and digital components, and with the change of the operation bands of mobile phones, solar radio observation with the telescope in this important band becomes feasible. In this paper we propose real-time signal acquisition/processing methods for the solar radio observation using the telescope in the 800MHz-975MHz band based on the FPGA and Gigabit-Ethernet technologies. The pipeline of the system in which we implement the methods adopts the Verilog hardware description language, so that it has achieved data transmission through a Gigabit Ethernet and has improved the data-transmission efficiency. We have obtained real-time solar radio spectra through this system. In addition, the system incorporates time-sharing transmission mechanisms, which allow the Gigabit-Ethernet UDP packet transmission. We finally present the error analysis of outputs of the system as well as results of certain tests of the system. These show the accuracy and reliability of the proposed real-time methods.