| 其他摘要 | The long-term monitoring of astronomical observatories is the important research contents for researchers, it provides necessary technical supports for the efficiently astronomical observing. Hence, how to build a highly integrated and efficiency monitoring system of observatories become one direction of researchers’ research topics. The monitoring system of astronomical observatories mainly includes atmospheric seeing monitoring, meteorological information monitoring, cloud monitoring, et.al. The seeing monitoring is a very important part that it performs well to estimate the observation condition of astronomical observatories. Atmospheric seeing is often denoted by atmospheric optic coherence length r0, it is the most widely application nowadays. There are many methods to calculate the r0, and the most representative one is the method of differential image motion. It’s very efficiency that eliminate the influence of none atmospheric factors by the method which calculates the r0 value through measuring the relative position change of stellar dot on CCD image, And Differential Image Motion Monitor – DIMM – is developed hereby. A stellar can have two dots on CCD image after through the two apertures on DIMM telescope, then the r0 value can be calculated by measuring relative distance variance of this two image dots. DIMM eliminates the influence of none atmospheric factors, such as telescope’ shaking, and make the measurement results more credible. It becomes popular that more and more researchers use DIMM to measure r0, and it plays very important effect by acting as a tool of astronomical observatories’ monitoring and astronomical site selection. Most observatories’ environments are very poor because their locations are usually at remote area or plateau. This makes the observation condition very hard that researchers watch over the observation especially at the South Pole. Thus, it becomes very necessary that researchers achieve automation on DIMM (ADIMM) and make it to observe autonomously. The technology of Robotic Autonomous Observatory is necessary for achieve ADIMM. Robotic Autonomous Observatory (RAO) is a telescope system that can execute every observation task, and can adapt changing environment while nobody intervenes. It has the features of automation and unmanned. This technology is laying a good foundation of automation on DIMM, and automation is also a important developing trend of DIMM. In order to control DIMM devices highly effective, we use an integrated and open source RAO control system based on Linux – Remote Telescope System 2nd, RTS2 – to proceed research of ADIMM. RTS2 system’s developing goal also is automation, it has merits of environment monitoring, observation targets’ selection, autonomously observing and environment adapting, et.al. RTS2 has very strong modularity in system designing and can easily start or stop modules, it also can switch devices quickly and its’ system response really fast. Achieving ADIMM by RTS2 can take full advantage of this advanced system’ merits and control hardware highly effective. Also we can get hold of the key technology of RTS2 system in order to achieve the breakthrough on independent autonomous telescope control system development. According to the trait, the hardware configuration of ADIMM system based on RTS2 may have these parts: environment monitoring part including meteorological station, cloud sensor and dome; observing devices part including telescope, finder-scope and CCD cameras; control part including computer, RTS2 and connection of hardware. Also, the software control may have these parts: autonomous target finding, pointing, autonomous guiding, image processing and calculating seeing. Refer to above contents, the meteorological station provides in real time meteorological information to RTS2 system, and the cloud sensor provides in real time cloud information to RTS2 system, in order to decide whether the dome can be |
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