射电天文研究组知识库

提出了一种基于全球导航卫星系统差分的天线阵大气相位扰动实时修正方法，以高稳定度的原子钟作为外频标，利用导航卫星载波相位的单差与历元上的双差，并通过星历扣除由于卫星运动引起的相位变化，在周跳检测和修正后，通过长周期的拟合消除卫星轨道和站坐标误差的影响，最后通过双频或多频信号实现两地电离层和对流层扰动的实时测量。在国家天文台北京密云站和云南昆明站分别部署了一套全球导航卫星接收设备，进行异地大气相位扰动实时修正方法的实验验证。利用双频载波相位测量数据对第三频率进行修正，结果表明，在不同天气条件下修正后的大气相位扰动均方根达到1.9 mm，表明该方法可用于射电天文和深空探测中天线阵的大气相位扰动修正。

A real-time correction method based on Global Navigation Satellite System difference is proposed for the atmospheric phase disturbance of the antenna array. The atomic clock with high stability is used as the external frequency standard, the single difference of the carrier phase and the double difference on the epoch between the two stations are utilized, and the phase change caused by the satellite movement is deducted through the ephemeris. After the cycle slip detection and correction, the satellite orbit and the coordinate error of the station are eliminated through the long period fitting. Finally, the real-time measurement of ionospheric and tropospheric disturbances in two places is realized by dual frequency or multi frequency signals. A set of Global Navigation Satellite System receiving equipment was deployed at Miyun Observing Station and Kunming Observing Station of the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, to verify the real-time correction method of atmospheric phase disturbance. The results show that the root-mean-square of the corrected atmospheric phase disturbance reaches 1.9 mm, modified by using the dual frequency carrier phase, under different weather conditions. The results indicate that the method can be used for the correction of the atmospheric phase disturbance of the antenna array in radio astronomy and deep space exploration.