太阳物理研究组知识库

对1874年5月-2015年3月期间每月黑子数和黑子面积数进行数据分析,统计研究黑子数与黑子面积比例的变化。结果表明:黑子数与黑子面积非线性变化,在活动周极大时期更明显。二者的分布概率整体相似,都随数值增大而降低,但黑子面积下降得更明显,表明二者存在非线性关系。黑子数与黑子面积的比例在活动周极小时期约为10.2,在极大时期约为21.8,长期约为16.8。每个周的上升期和下降期确定的比例有微小差别,不同活动周确定的比例有小的差别,二者间的比例有减小的趋势。

Statistical relation of sunspot area varying with sunspot number has been investigated through analyzing sunspot area and sunspot number with data acquired from May 1874 to March 2015. The obtained results are: (1) in general, distribution probabilities of both sunspot number and sunspot area are similar to each other; they decrease along with the increase of value; but the probability of sunspot area decreases more obviously, which implies that a non-linear relation between the two exists; (2) the non-linear relation is more clear during the solar maximum; (3) the ratio of sunspot area to sunspot number is about 10.2 during the solar minimum, 21. 8 during the solar maximum, and 16.7 on long-term basis; (4) the ratio of every ascent phase is slightly different from that of the descent phase,and the determined ratios of different solar cycles are different from one another, displaying little relation to both the maximum amplitudes of cycles and cycles lengths; and (5) the ratios tend to decrease with increasing cycle number.