天体测量技术及应用研究组知识库

多功能天文经纬仪是云南天文台新研制的一种基于通用CCD观测的天体测量望远镜。介绍了多功能天文经纬仪的图像处理系统,从系统的整体框架和主要功能算法两个方面说明了整个图像处理系统的实现流程和工作方法。介绍了星像搜索算法、定心算法和VC++程序设计的流程图。给出了图像处理软件的界面,以及恒星像、人造星像和轴准直星像3种星像的定心结果,并对其结果进行了分析。

A new Multi-Function Astronomical Theodolite has been built in the Yunnan Observatory. Its main imaging device is a digital CCD camera without cooling. This paper presents an image processing system for the Multi-Function Astronomical Theodolite. The system is used to determine the centers of the stellar profiles in images obtained by the theodolite. The algorithm of the image-processing system includes two main parts, for searching the star and centering the star (object-centering),respectively. An image obtained with this instrument is unusual as it includes only one star. This makes it possible to adopt an efficient searching algorithm for the system. This is to smooth the image with a suitable method, then find the maximum-value pixel as the initial location of the center of the star. After comparing commonly used centering methods in astrometry for the adaptability,accuracy,calculation amount,and programming difficulty,we decide to use the method of two-dimensional modified moments as the object-centering method. The paper shows a block diagram of the image processing system and a program flowchart of the corresponding software written in the VC++. The paper also shows the main design of the program, a screenshot of the user interface of the software, and results of using the object-centering method to a star, an artificial stellar profile, and an aperture profile (which is through the axis collimator on the instrument). The paper finally presents a brief analysis of these results.