基于TDI(Time Delay and Integration)读出技术的漂移扫描CCD，可以通过电荷转移跟踪天体的运动，这为小行星和彗星的观测提供了一种可行的方法。为了能够在1米镜上以漂移扫描方式观测小行星和彗星，云南天文台光电实验室决定自行研制漂移扫描CCD相机。作为前期的理论性探索和技术验证工作，我们设计制作了一套基于PC-104嵌入式计算机的巡天漂移扫描CCD相机。 本文分为四个部分：第一章简要回顾了CCD的历史以及漂移扫描CCD的发展；第二章全面介绍了漂移扫描CCD原理，特别介绍两种常用的漂移扫描巡天方式：纯TDI方式和大圆跟踪方式，并对其图像变形作了分析；第三章介绍了漂移扫描CCD相机的设计方案及仿真结果。最后对本论文作了小结并略述了今后工作的计划。 目前，该漂移扫描CCD已经加工完成，并在小望远镜通过了基本测试，正在等待1米镜的观测时间以作最终验证。本次漂移扫描CCD的设计经验将为以后进一步研究和应用漂移扫描CCD技术奠定理论基础和实践经验。
其他摘要
The drift scanning CCD which based on the TDI read-out technology，can be used to track the star by moving charges, and it has provided one feasible method for the minor planet and the comet observation. In order to observe the minor planet and the comet by drift scanning on the 1 meter telescope of Yunnan Ob., the Lab. Optics & Electronics of Yunnan Observatory decided to develop a drift scanning CCD camera independently. As the preliminary theoretical exploration and the technical testing work, we set up a sky-survey drift-scanning CCD camera which based on PC-104 embedded computer and CPLD. This article divides into four parts: The first chapter simply reviewed the development of drift scanning CCD. The second chapter introduced the basic principle of drift scanning CCD, two kinds of drift scanning sky survey ways were introduced: The pure TDI and the great-circle tracking; the distortion of image also has been analyzed in the end of this chapter. The third chapter introduced the design proposal of the software and hardware and the simulation and the testing results. At the end of the paper, we make a summary of the design process and the work we should go on in the near future. At present, this drifting scanning CCD has already been processed completes, and its basic function has been tested on a small telescope, and just waiting for the observation time of 1 meter telescope to do finally testing. This design experience will establish the theories foundation and practice experience for the further study.
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