Fabry-Perot-based 2D imaging spectrograph can serve astronomy observations needs, such as high temporal, spatial, and spectral resolution, especially in combination with adaptive optics and advanced image restoration and processing techniques. This paper attempted to be in-depth analysis characteristics of Fabry-Perot system from a pure physical point of view, and provided a clearly physical image. First, briefly introduced purpose, significance, history and actuality about development Fabry-Perot system, presented its difficulty in design and the conceivable methods to solve it. And then, discussed physical characters of each parameter deeply, supplemented Airy function, which described the coherent addition of multiple light beams between two plane surfaces. Carried through errors analysis, and summarized design methods for Experimental Device of Fabry-Perot filter in the Optics & Electronics Lab., Yunnan observatory. Finally, set up an estimation system in Lab., and given the methods to measure several important parameters.
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