The work principle and development of CCD were introduced simply in this article at the beginning. Because of the dark current, CCD should be cooled to low temperature. There are four feasible technologies for cooling CCD in astronomical observation: the Sterling refrigerator; the Joule-Thomson refrigerator; the liquid nitrogen refrigeration Dewar, the thermoelectric refrigeration Dewar. Secondly, the principle of thermoelectric refrigeration was introduced, and the reason to use the thermoelectric refrigeration was explained. The temperature field of the thermoelectric refrigeration Dewar was analyzed with finite element method. According to the thermal analysis, three-stage thermoelectric refrigeration piles were used in the project. Thirdly, the design of temperature control circuit was introduced. The design of the thermoelectric refrigeration Dewar was described also. In the end, the debugging process of the temperature control circuit and the result of experiment were narrated in this article.
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