大样本恒星演化研究组知识库

Context. It has recently been proposed that one subclass of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is sufficiently distinct and sufficiently common to be classified separately from the bulk of SNe Ia; the suggested class name is Type lax supernovae (SNe lax), after SN 2002cx. However, their progenitors are still uncertain. 

Aims. We study whether the population properties of this class might be understood if the events originate from a subset of subChandrasekhar mass explosions. In this potential progenitor population, a carbon-oxygen white dwarf (CO WD) accumulates a helium layer from a non-degenerate helium star; ignition of that helium layer then leads to ignition of the CO WD. 

Methods. We incorporated detailed binary evolution calculations for the progenitor systems into a binary population synthesis model to obtain rates and delay times for these events. 

Results. The predicted Galactic event rate of these explosions is similar to 1.5 x 10(-3) yr(-1) according to our standard model, in good agreement with the measured rates of SNe lax. In addition, predicted delay times are similar to 70 Myr-800 Myr, consistent with the fact that most of SNe lax have been discovered in late-type galaxies. If the explosions are assumed to be double detonations -following current model expectations - then, based on the CO WD masses at explosion, we also estimate the distribution of resulting SN brightness (-13 greater than or similar to M-bol greater than or similar to -19 mag), which can reproduce the empirical diversity of SNe lax. 

Conclusions. We speculate on why binaries with non-degenerate donor stars might lead to SNe lax if similar systems with degenerate donors do not. We suggest that the high mass of the helium layer necessary for ignition at the lower accretion rates typically delivered from non-degenerate donors might be necessary to produce SN 2002cx-like characteristics, perhaps even by changing the nature of the CO ignition.