Investigation into the origin of the soft excess in Ark 564 using principal component analysis

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348783

YNAO OpenIR > 高能天体物理研究组

	Investigation into the origin of the soft excess in Ark 564 using principal component analysis
	Lyu, M.1,2; Fei, Z. Y.1,2; Zhang GB(张国宝)3,4 ; Yang, X. J.1,2
发表期刊	ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
	2024-09-06
卷号	689
DOI	10.1051/0004-6361/202348783
产权排序	第3完成单位
收录类别	SCI ; EI
关键词	Galaxy: nucleus galaxies: Seyfert
摘要	We combined a principal component analysis (PCA) and spectroscopy to investigate the origin of the soft excess in narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Ark 564 with XMM-Newton observations over a period of ten years. We find that the principal components in different epochs are very similar, suggesting stable variability patterns in this source. More importantly, although its spectra could be equally well fitted by the two soft excess models, simulations show that the principal components from the relativistically smeared reflection model match the data well. At the same time, the principal components from the warm corona model show significant inconsistency. This finding indicates that the soft excess in Ark 564 originates from the relativistically smeared reflection, rather than the Comptonization in the warm corona, thereby favoring the reflection origin or the hybrid origin of the soft excess. Furthermore, the presence of the narrow absorption features in the spectra suggests that the soft excess is unlikely to originate from absorptions due to possible outflowing winds. Our results indicate that the PCA coupled with spectral analysis is a promising approach to exploring the origin of the soft excess in active galactic nuclei (AGNs).
资助项目	Hunan Education Department Foundation[21A0096]; National Natural Science Foundation of China[NSFC 12122302]; National Natural Science Foundation of China[12333005]; Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province[CX20220662]; Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Xiangtan University[XDCX2022Y072]
项目资助者	Hunan Education Department Foundation[21A0096] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[NSFC 12122302, 12333005] ; Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province[CX20220662] ; Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Xiangtan University[XDCX2022Y072]
语种	英语
学科领域	天文学 ; 星系与宇宙学
文章类型	Article
出版者	EDP SCIENCES S A
出版地	17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE
ISSN	0004-6361
URL	查看原文
WOS记录号	WOS:001308055500022
WOS研究方向	Astronomy & Astrophysics
WOS类目	Astronomy & Astrophysics
关键词[WOS]	X-RAY EXCESS ; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI ; NARROW-LINE ; XMM-NEWTON ; SPECTRAL VARIABILITY ; IONIZED REFLECTION ; NGC 4151 ; SEYFERT-1 ; EMISSION ; WARM
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
版本	出版稿
条目标识符	http://ir.ynao.ac.cn/handle/114a53/27653
专题	高能天体物理研究组中国科学院天体结构与演化重点实验室
作者单位	1.Department of Physics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China; 2.Key Laboratory of Stars and Interstellar Medium, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China; 3.Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Kunming 650216, P.R. China; 4.Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, CAS, Kunming 650216, P.R. China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lyu, M.,Fei, Z. Y.,Zhang GB,et al. Investigation into the origin of the soft excess in Ark 564 using principal component analysis[J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS,2024,689.
APA	Lyu, M.,Fei, Z. Y.,张国宝,&Yang, X. J..(2024).Investigation into the origin of the soft excess in Ark 564 using principal component analysis.ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS,689.
MLA	Lyu, M.,et al."Investigation into the origin of the soft excess in Ark 564 using principal component analysis".ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS 689(2024).

条目包含的文件
文件名称/大小	文献类型	版本类型	开放类型	使用许可
Investigation into t（3607KB）	期刊论文	出版稿	开放获取	CC BY-NC-SA	浏览请求全文