中国科学院云南天文台机构知识库

在月球激光测距与空间目标白天激光测距中，强烈的背景噪声会大幅降低测距成功率，在云南天文台1.2 m望远镜激光测距系统的接收光路中加入可调视场光阑，通过改变视场光阑孔径大小来调整接收视场，可减少背景噪声。但受到速度光行差等因素的影响，在接收视场减小到几个角秒时，回波会被光阑挡住无法通过，探测器接收不到回波信号。为解决这一问题，提出在视场光阑前加入二维偏转摆镜的方法，控制摆镜偏转使偏离的回波通过光阑中心被探测器正常接收。以高轨卫星和同步轨道卫星为目标，测量了回波信号偏离视场中心的角度值，并仿真分析了使用摆镜校正偏离角度值的效果。结果表明，该方法可以在小视场激光测距时快速高精度校正回波信号，可为满月时月球激光测距与空间目标白天激光测距提供支持。

Strong background noise can considerably reduce the probability of ranging success in lunar laser ranging and space target daytime laser ranging. The 1. 2 m telescope laser ranging system of Yunnan Observatories uses an adjustable field diaphragm in the receiving light path to reduce the background noise by changing its aperture size. However, because of velocity aberrations, when the receiving field of view is reduced to a few arcseconds, the echo is blocked by the aperture and the detector does not receive the echo photon. To address this problem, a method of adding a twodimensional tip/tilt mirror in front of the field diaphragm is proposed. The tip/tilt mirror can allow the deviated echo to be received by the detector through the aperture center. The deviating angles of the echo are measured by observing some highorbit satellites and geostationary satellites. Additionally, the effect of using the tip/tilt mirror to correct the deviation angles is simulated and analyzed. The results show that this method can quickly and accurately correct the deviating angles of the echo in laser ranging with a small field of view and can provide support for lunar laser ranging at full moon and space target daytime laser ranging.