中国科学院云南天文台机构知识库

我国1 m新真空太阳望远镜（New Vacuum Solar Telescope, NVST）能够实现优于0.2″的高分辨成像观测，但还不具备高分辨磁场的常规观测能力。很多磁结构和太阳活动都存在于较小的尺度，需要进行高分辨磁场测量。1 m新真空太阳望远镜的台址具备优良的视宁度，若磁像仪具备快速调制能力，并配合高分辨统计重建技术，有望实现亚角秒分辨率的太阳磁场测量。1 m新真空太阳望远镜测量磁场面临的主要问题包括折轴光路带来的时变偏振、望远镜姿态变化和风载带来的光轴偏移以及湍流的影响等多种问题。针对太阳磁场高分辨观测的需求及1 m新真空太阳望远镜面临的太阳磁场测量问题，详细分析了1 m新真空太阳望远镜太阳光球磁场的测量需求，制定了磁像仪的基本参数，提出了偏振分析器需求，设计了光球磁场的高分辨观测方案。最后利用ZEMAX光学设计软件为磁像仪设计了光路，结果显示光学设计能够满足高分辨成像的需求。 

The 1 m New Vacuum Solar Telescope ( NVST) is capable of high-resolution imaging observations better than 0. 2″, but cannot yet routinely observe high-resolution magnetic fields. Many magnetic structures and solar activity exist at small scales, requiring high-resolution magnetic field observations. NVST offers excellent seeing, and if the magnetometer has fast modulation capabilities and is coupled with statistical reconstruction techniques, it is expected to achieve high-resolution solar magnetic field measurements. The main problems faced by NVST in measuring magnetic fields include time-varying polarisation due to bendingaxis optical paths, optical axis shifts due to telescope attitude changes and wind loading, and the effects of turbulence. In this paper, we analyze in detail the requirements for high-resolution observation of the solar magnetic field and the solar magnetic field measurement problems faced by NVST, formulate the basic parameters of the magnetometer, propose the requirements for the polarisation analyzer, and design a highresolution observation scheme for the photospheric magnetic field. Finally, the optical path for the magnetometer is designed using ZEMAX optical design software, and the results show that the optical design can meet the requirements of high-resolution imaging.