| 其他摘要 | High-precision polarization spectral imaging obtained by the fiber array solar optical telescope (FASOT) will reveal the physical parameter structure of several levels in photosphere and chromosphere, and the principle of the transfer of magnetic field and energy from the bottom of the photosphere through the temperature minimum region, the bottom layer of the chromosphere and the middle and upper layers to the corona will be understood, so as to serve the prediction of solar activity and space disaster weather. Based on the scientific needs and key technique of FASOT, this paper is focused on the mechanical structure of the key componets of the FASOT telescope, and detail the analysis and design is presented.The optimization design and rigidity improvement of the mechanical structure of the telescope directly affect the bending deformation of the mechanical structure, the reasonable layout and use of structural materials and weight. The heat distribution of the key structure of the telescope will directly affect the thermal deformation and working performance of the structure, so as to directly affect the observation quality. Based on the lightweight requirement of telescope structure and the constant temperature working requirement of key parts, the key technologies of lightweight optimization design of telescope cylindrical structure and non cylindrical structure, heat distribution and optimization design of key parts were studied as follows in order to reduce the bending deformation and thermal influence of the telescope and ensure the normal accuracy and working performance of the telescope:Using three-dimensional modeling software SOLIDWORKS and finite element software, genetic algorithm optimization is used to optimize the tubes with different ribs and different internal diameters. In case of the tube, it has to be subject to its own gravity and the end is subject to an indefinite bending force, through the analysis of the structure optimization results, it is obtained that under the same deformation, the axial length of the optimized rib should be more than 50% of the tube length, while the optimized rib takes form of the trapezoid; The tube with two ribs is the heaviest; When the number of ribs becomes greater than or equal to 4, the weight of the optimized tube tends to be stable; the weight of the optimized tube with 4 trapezoidal ribs and a flange is 15.8-73.2% lighter than other optimized tube structure. The effectiveness of the tube simulation model is verified by experiments. Based on the theoretical analysis of tubes with and without ribs, a new formula is proposed to predict which kind of tube with or without ribs has high stiffness. The simulation results of the tube model are consistent with the analytic results of the formula. Through the optimization and comparison of tubes with different shapes, the optimized tube with four trapezoidal ribs and one flange ranks the lightest. The new formula and new optimized tube layout will be used for the optimal design of the tube of the telescope and other equipment.According to the characteristics and applicable conditions of topology optimization and genetic algorithm, the design route and method of joint optimization of topology optimization and genetic algorithm are obtained. Joint optimization of topology optimization and genetic algorithm for a specific wheel structure in the telescope has reduced the weight of the wheel structure by 53.6%. The technical route of joint optimization of topology optimization and genetic algorithm will be used for the optimal design of telescope structure or other solid structures, so as to reduce the waste of resources and provide reference for sustainable development technology.Polarization measurement is the key to obtain the information of the solar atmospheric magnetic field, and its measurement accuracy depends on the measurement accuracy of the delay measurement of the polarization measurement element, while the measurement accuracy of the delay measurement depends on the temperature control of the polarization measurement element. According to the working requirements of ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) and liquid-crystal variable-retarder (LCVR) polarizers in polarization analyzer, a multifunctional incubator is designed. The structure of the incubator is optimized by finite element analysis, the influence of ambient temperature and target temperature on the thermostatic accuracy of the incubator is analyzed, the relationship between them is put forward, and the reliability of their relationship is verified by experiments. According to this relationship, a new method to improve the accuracy of the incubator has been proposed, and thus the structure of the incubator is optimized by this new method. When the incubator is set to be at − 10 ° C, the temperature fluctuation of the small incubator box was 0.000014 ° C. Compared with the ultra precision three-coordinate measuring machine, the target temperature fluctuation of the incubator is reduced by more than 98.6% and more than 99.72% compared with the molecular measuring machine. This method can greatly improve the thermostatic accuracy of the incubator.The temperature structure of FLC and LCVR in FASOT telescope is optimized. It is found that the temperature distribution of the insulated optical elements can meet the requirement of temperature accuracy when the end of the extended insulation structure is completely closed. |
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