环形拼接太阳望远镜主动控制的实验研究

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	环形拼接太阳望远镜主动控制的实验研究
其他题名	Experimental Research on Active Control of Ring Segmented Solar Telescope
	王斌
学位类型	博士
导师	金振宇
	2022-07-01
学位授予单位	中国科学院大学
学位授予地点	北京
培养单位	中国科学院云南天文台
学位专业	天文技术与方法
关键词	太阳望远镜拼接镜面光学探测主动控制
摘要	8米环形拼接太阳望远镜(8 m Ring Solar Telescope，8 m RST)是中国巨型太阳望远镜计划中的一个重要候选方案，拼接镜面的主动光学技术是环形拼接太阳望远镜实现衍射极限成像的关键技术。基于环形主镜的光学设计很好地解决了大太阳望远镜热控和高精度磁场测量之间的矛盾，这与采用的六角形子镜的拼接方案完全不同，针对环形拼接镜面的特殊性以及太阳望远镜的观测环境，本文对环形拼接太阳望远镜的主动控制进行了研究。到目前为止，针对8m RST主动光学技术的研究已经取得了阶段性成果，然而这些研究成果是基于环形拼接的方案进行理论研究的，尚未在拼接镜面实验平台上进行过实验验证。为此，我们搭建了拼接镜面主动光学实验系统用于环形拼接镜面主动控制的研究。在两镜子镜拼接系统上开展了共焦和共相实验，建立了主动控制模型，对拼接镜的动态特性进行了实际测量，分析了探测器的动态特性，设计了控制器。我们使用边缘传感器和光学倾斜传感器联合探测的方式实现了拼接镜面的闭环控制，初步验证了该主动控制策略是有效的。边缘传感器在拼接太阳望远镜的运用中，零点存在不稳定的问题，使用光学探测方法对边缘传感器进行短周期定标是一个可选择的解决方案。我们研究了基于PSF边缘探测的方法用于边缘传感器定标的可能性，并基于子镜边缘的PSF探测方法开展了拼接镜的主动控制实验，实验验证了该方案用于传感器定标是可行的。在拼接太阳望远镜中，可以选择太阳面源作为检测目标对共相误差进行探测，在文中重点研究了基于太阳面源目标的边缘探测以及倾斜探测，分析了大气湍流、信噪比以及光学系统误差对基于面源目标探测的影响。本文对8m RST的主动控制技术以及高精度的探测技术进行了预研究，研究结果为拼接太阳望远镜在可见光或近红外波段实现主动控制提供参考。
其他摘要	The 8 m Ring Solar Telescope (8 m RST) is an important candidate in China Giant Solar Telescope plan. The active optical technology of segmented mirrors is the key technology for the ring segmented solar telescope to achieve diffraction-limited imaging. The optical design based on the ring primary mirror solves the contradiction between thermal control and high-precision magnetic field measurement, which is completely different from the segmented scheme of the hexagonal segments adopted. Aiming at the particularity of the ring segmented mirror and the observation environment of the solar telescope, this paper studies the active control of the ring segmented solar telescope.So far, the research on the 8m RST active optical technology has achieved phased results, but these research results are based on the theoretical research of the ring segmented scheme, and have not been experimentally verified on the segmented mirror experimental platform. Therefore, we built an active optical experimental system for the segmented mirror to study the active control of 8m RST.Co-focus and co-phase experiments were completed on the two-segmented-mirror system, the active control model of the two-segmented-mirror was established, the dynamic characteristics of the mirror were actually measured, the dynamic characteristics of the detector were analyzed, and the controller was designed. We used the edge sensor combined with the optical tip/tilt sensor to realize the closed-loop control of the segmented mirror, which preliminarily verified that the active control strategy is effective.In the application of edge sensors in segmented solar telescopes, the zero point is unstable. Short-period scaling of edge sensors using optical detection methods is an alternative solution. We studied the possibility of using the method based on PSF edge detection for edge sensor calibration, and carried out the active control experiment of the segmented mirror based on the PSF detection method based on the edge of the segments. The experiments verified that the scheme is feasible for sensor calibration. In the segmented solar telescope, the sun expansion target can be selected as the detection object to detect the phasing error. In this paper, the edge detection and tip/tilt detection based on the sun expansion target are mainly studied. The effects of atmospheric turbulence, signal-noise ratio(SNR) and optical system errors are analyzed.In this paper, the active control technology and high-precision detection technology of 8m RST are pre-researched. The research results provide a reference for the active control of 8m RST in the visible light or near-infrared band.
学科领域	天文学 ; 太阳与太阳系 ; 太阳与太阳系其他学科 ; 机械工程 ; 仪器仪表技术 ; 电子、通信与自动控制技术 ; 自动控制技术
学科门类	理学 ; 理学::天文学 ; 工学 ; 工学::光学工程 ; 工学::仪器科学与技术 ; 工学::控制科学与工程
页数	0
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.ynao.ac.cn/handle/114a53/25787
专题	天文技术实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王斌. 环形拼接太阳望远镜主动控制的实验研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院大学,2022.

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