Filament is an interesting phenomenon of plasma activity in the solar atmosphere. Compared with its surrounding high-temperature and low-density corona, it has higher density, lower temperature. Filaments suspend above the magnetic polarity inversion lines (PILs). The physical processes of filamenr formation, evolution and explosion are very complex. Generally, there are two research methods for filaments: observation and numerical simulation. In this paper, the multi band data of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), the H㼿 image data of the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) and the high-resolution data of the New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST) are used to observe active region (AR) NOAA 12665. The processes of sunspot rotation, filament formation, filament splitting, forming double-decker filament and partial explosion in the active region are studied.Firstly, we introduce the basic knowledge and research status of filaments, then we introduce solar telescopes, and then we introduce our research on the formation and evolution of the filament in detail.Past researchers have proposed two possible models for the formation of filament channels. The first is to form filament channels through the magnetic cancellation of photosphere magnetic field or coronal magnetic reconnection. The second is that the filament magnetic field emerges from below the photosphere to form dark stripes. With the development of ground solar telescope and space solar telescope, many observation data support the above models. We observed and studied a case of solar filament, and found that shearing motion and magnetic field converging motion can make the foot points of two small filaments with opposite polarity close to each other, and magnetic reconnection occurs, so as to form a long filaments. The newly formed filament is dragged and elongated due to the rotation of sunspots, making the filament continuously elongate.Double-decker filament is a special filament structure composed of two filaments separated from the top and bottom. Some previous researchers have observed the existence of double-decker filament structure. Some researchers have observed interesting physical activities such as magnetic reconnection between two filaments.
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