中国科学院云南天文台机构知识库

“新基建”战略为重大科技基础设施的发展带来了新机遇，然而快速的发展也会面临更多意想不到的问题，所以需要更多的组织和管理保障。风险管理作为重大科技基础设施管理的重要环节，应当进一步强化和重视。本文首先列举了一些重大科技基础设施风险事件，并对这些风险事件产生的科学、技术、经济和环境影响进行分析。随后深入研究了美国能源部重大科技基础设施的风险管理程序及其核心环节，包括风险规划、风险识别、风险分析和风险处理等所采取的具体方法和措施。最后基于我国在重大科技基础设施风险管理方面的实际情况，提出强化风险管理意识，建立符合重大科技基础设施特点的风险管理制度；针对不同类型的风险，综合研判、提前部署；加强过程管理，及时发现和调整风险和处理策略；开展设施建设管理评估，将风险管理作为重要的考量因素等建议。

The "new infrastructure" has brought new opportunities for the development of major scientific & technological infrastructure. However, many unexpected situations will emerge by rapid development. So systematic management and mechanism guarantees are urgent and necessary. As a key point of management of major scientific & technological infrastructure, risk management should be further strengthened and valued. This paper first lists some major scientific and technological risk events of research infrastructure, and analyzes the scientific, technical, economic and environmental impacts of these risk events. Thenstudies the risk management procedures and important part of major scientific and technological infrastructure in Department of Energy of the United States, including specific methods and measures adopted in risk planning, risk identification, risk analysis, and addressing risks. On current status of risk management of major scientific and technological infrastructure in China, several proposals are made that establishing a risk management system that meets the characteristics of major scientific and technological infrastructure, comprehensively researching and judging different types of risks, deploying in advance, strengthening process management, Real time monitoring and adjusting risks and its dealing method, and carrying out facility construction management assessment, and regarding risk management as an important consideration.