射电天文研究组知识库

望远镜自动化观测编排是望远镜观测控制系统实现自主观测必不可少的组成部分。云南天文台40 m射电望远镜需要对观测目标制定中长期和短期纲要。目前对短期目标的纲要编制，主要依赖观测人员根据经验手动实现，这种方式不仅低效耗时，更有可能导致结果明显偏离最优观测方案，不能充分利用望远镜的观测时间。使用混合整数线性规划模型分析40 m射电望远镜的短期观测目标的问题，定义短期观测目标调度中的限制条件，以最小化望远镜的寻址时间作为目标函数，使用数学优化解决射电望远镜短期观测目标编排问题，并在40 m射电望远镜上进行了测试，测试结果能较好地满足目前短期观测目标编排的需求。

The observation scheduling is an indispensable part of the telescope observation control system to realize autonomous observation. The 40-meter radio telescope of the Yunnan Observatories combines the requirements of long-term and short-term observation scheduling. In the current practice of short-term observation scheduling, it mainly relies on the observers to manually implement them based on experiences. This method is not only inefficient and time-consuming, but also causes the results to deviate significantly from the optimal observation plan, and the valuable observation time of the telescope cannot be fully utilized. In this paper, the mixed integer linear programming model is used to analyze the problem of the short-term observation target of the 40 m radio telescope. We define the constraints in the short-term observation target scheduling, adapt the minimization of total slew times as the objective function, and use mathematical optimization to solve the short-term observation target scheduling problem. The proposed method has also been tested on the 40 m radio telescope, which can better meet the requirements of current short-term observation target scheduling.