南方基地知识库

南极高原拥有独特的天文观测条件，为对南极中山站夜天文观测条件进行实测研究，中国科学院云南天文台特殊研制了一套具有耐低温、自动除雪除霜等适应南极气候性能的全自动全天信息采集系统。该系统可以提供实时的全天云量、天光背景和全天图像，并可将信息推送到网页实时显示。本文介绍了这套系统的研制，及为适应南极气候所进行的耐低温实验。后统计分析了中山站2016—2017两个年度的全天信息数据，初步得出中山站的可观测小时数、可观测夜数、天光背景及温湿度条件。 

The Antarctic Plateau has unique astronomical observation conditions. In order to conduct actual
research on the night astronomical observation conditions of the Antarctic Zhongshan Station, the Yunnan
Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has specially developed a set of fully-automatic full-automatic fully adapted to Antarctic climate performance such as low temperature resistance, automatic snow and defrost Day information Acquisition system. The system can provide real-time all-sky cloudiness, skylight background and all-day images, and can push the information to the webpage for real-time display.This paper introduces the development of this system and the experiment of low temperature resistance to adapt to Antarctic climate. After statistical analysis of Zhongshan Station's all-day information data from 2016 to 2017, the result shows that the observable hours of Zhongshan Station in 2016 and 2017 are 772.21h and 437.38h, the number of observable nights is 93 d and 51 d, and the maximum true value of sky darkness is 22.05 Mag/aresec2, the average temperature from 2016 to 2017 was -10.6 ℃, the highest temperature was 19.1℃, and the lowest temperature was -44℃, and the average relative humidity in 2016 was 55.2%.