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随着天文技术的发展,天文数据处理软件的需求也不断更迭变化,导致软件运行环境渐趋复杂。对于开发者和使用者,急需提出一种对复杂天文数据处理软件敏捷化封装和部署的方法。我国明安图射电频谱日像仪已进入常规观测,与之配套的数据处理软件也已完成开发并投入使用。由于该软件的部署涉及操作系统环境、图形处理器运行环境及底层依赖软件等配置问题,导致安装过程既繁琐又容易出错。结合容器技术的特点,提出了一种基于Docker容器对日像仪软件系统进行敏捷封装与部署的方法,并对该方法的设计进行介绍,通过实验验证了其可用性,以及相比于传统虚拟机可获得较优异的性能表现。该方法可为未来天文数据处理软件的封装部署提供参考。可以预见,未来容器技术将成为天文海量数据处理的基础支撑技术。 

With the development of astronomical technology, the demand for astronomical data processing software is changing constantly, resulting in the complexity of software running environment. For developers 
and users, it is urgent to find a method for agile packaging and deployment of complex astronomical data processing software. Mingantu Ultrawide Spectral Radio Heliograph (MUSER) has been used for routine observation, and the data processing software for MUSER project has also been completed and put into use. As  the deployment of this software involves the configuration problems of the operating system environment, the GPU running environment and the underlying dependence on software, the installation process is cumbersome  and error-prone. According to the characteristics of container technology, in this paper we present a method of agile packaging and deployment for MUSER software system based on Docker container, and the design of this method is introduced. We verify the usability of this method by experiments, and the superior performance can be obtained by comparing with the traditional virtual machine. The method proposed in this paper can provide a reference for the future deployment and encapsulation of astronomical data processing software. It is foreseeable that future container technology will become the basic supporting technology for astronomical and massive data processing.