抚仙湖太阳观测和研究基地知识库

olar time series manifests nonlinear and non-stationary behaviors, and perhaps multi-modal dynamical processes operating in solar magnetic indicators. In the present work, the novel ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is applied to study the monthly distribution of sunspot areas produced by the extended time series of solar activity indices (ESAI) database in the time interval from 1821 January to 1989 December. It is established that the quasi-periodic variations of monthly sunspot areas consist of at least three well-defined dynamical components: one is the short-term variations which are obviously smaller than one year, the second one is the mid-term variations with periodic scales varying from 1 year to 15 years, and the last component is the periodic variation with periodicities larger than 15 years. The analysis results indicate the EEMD technique is an advanced tool for analyzing the weakly nonlinear and non-stationary dynamical behaviors of solar magnetic activity cycle.