选址与日冕观测组知识库

位于青藏高原东侧的、紧靠云南省迪庆州的四川稻城县的无名山是中国科学院云南天文台在西部天文选址科考工作中最新发掘出来的优秀天文址点.它优良的气候条件满足日天文和夜天文的观测要求,其地形、地质和地理条件适于建设大型观测设备群落及其配套保障设施.自2014年10月以来,中国科学院云南天文台选址与日冕观测团组已在无名山的两处址点进行了连续的定点监测,陆续投入使用了近20种监测设备,对视宁度等衡量天文观测条件的大气和气象要素进行了持续的测量,积累了高质量的数据,为无名山作为日天文和夜天文候选址点的综合质量评价提供了科学、客观、量化的依据.定点监测队伍中的多个部门分工明确、通力合作,共同执行着对监测数据的采集、传输、储存和分析作业,并为监测工作提供了高效的运维研发和后勤保障.整个数据流程在实际运转中得到了有效的宏观和微观管理,保质保量地执行了定点监测的任务、保障了数据的安全、设备和人员均得到了可靠的技术支持和后勤补给;还自主研发了7种监测设备、摸索和积累了宝贵的经验、形成了高效配合的团队,为日后无名山址点的开发利用和观测基地的建设打下了坚实的基础. 

Mt. Wumingshan, located in the eastern side of the Tibetan Plateau, is an outstanding astronomical site recently discovered by Yunnan observatories (YNAO) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences during its survey of potential sites for China's next－generation ground－based large－aperture telescopes. Nested in Daocheng country of Sichuan, where neighbors Diqing of Yunnan, Wumingshan has ideal climatic conditions for both day－time and night－time observations. Moreover, its unique topographic, geological and geographical characters are suitable for the settling of large telescope clusters and the operation of low－cost logistic network. In Oct. 2014, the Solar Site Survey and Coronal Observation Group of YNAO initiated an onsite monitoring project on Mt. Wumingshan. Since then we have been harvesting data from two long－term monitoring stations for three years. Nearly 20 different monitoring instruments have been deployed to measure various atmospheric and meteorological parameters such as day and night seeing factors,  precipitable water vapor content, etc. The high－quality and continuity of the collected data provides a scientific, objective and quantitative basis for the comprehensive evaluation of Wumingshan as a candidate site for day and night astronomical observations. The monitoring teams collectively carry out the acquisition, transmission,  storage, and analysis of the monitoring data, and provide adequate maintenance, development, and logistical support. Due to the effective management in every detail, the onsite monitoring project not only has successfully implemented the designated tasks and secured the safety of data,  personnels, and equipments, but also has independently developed seven monitoring instruments. The valuable experiences accumulated, as well as the cohesive cooperation between the nuclei and extensive teams, have laid a solid foundation for further construction and development of astronomical observations on Mt. Wumingshan.