抚仙湖太阳观测和研究基地知识库

Statistical data processing has been one of the most important activities in many fields of scientific studies, and has become the only way through which one can deal with the underlying processes of the given phenomenon. The two classical techniques to solar time series analysis are related to the space domain and the spectral. In the present paper, the relative phase relationship of sunspot unit area on both hemispheres is investigated by the long-range correlation and the wavelet transform analysis. It is found that, (1) the north-south asynchrony of sunspot unit area can not be regarded as a stochastic phenomenon because its behavior exhibits a long-term tendency; (2) The leading hemisphere of sunspot unit area is the southern hemisphere before the year of 1962, and then the northern hemisphere till the year of 2008; (3) the sunspot unit area should be used to represent the long-term solar magnetic activity. Our analysis results could be instructive to put further research on the physical mechanisms of north-south asynchrony of magnetic activity on the Sun. Moreover, the long-range correlation analysis and the wavelet transform technique of solar time series provide crucial information to understand, describe, and predict long-term solar variability.